Monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii) exhibits significant pharmacological effects, mainly due to its mogroside content, which provides potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial properties. Studies highlight its low-calorie profile and lack of glycemic impact, supporting its suitability for diabetic populations. 

Mechanisms of Action and Benefits:

• Antioxidant Properties: Mogrosides have antioxidant effects, which help reduce inflammation and support immune health.
• Antidiabetic Support: Mogrosides assist in maintaining blood glucose stability, potentially improving insulin sensitivity and reducing hyperglycemia 
• Low Glycemic Impact: Unlike sugar, monk fruit extract does not spike blood sugar, making it suitable for people with diabetes.
• Antimicrobial Properties: Extracts show inhibitory effects against oral bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans, supporting oral health (Wu et al., 2022).​

References: 

1. Suri, Shweta & Kathuria, Deepika & Mishra, Anusha & Sharma, Rajan. (2020). Phytochemical composition and pharmacological impact of natural non-calorie sweetener- monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii): a review. Nutrition & Food Science. ahead-of-print. 10.1108/NFS-09-2020-0350.
2. Guo Y, Chen X, Gong P, et al. Siraitia grosvenorii As a Homologue of Food and Medicine: A Review of Biological Activity, Mechanisms of Action, Synthetic Biology, and Applications in Future Food. J Agric Food Chem. 2024;72(13):6850-6870. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00018
3. Guo Q, Shi M, Sarengaowa, Xiao Z, Xiao Y, Feng K. Recent Advances in the Distribution, Chemical Composition, Health Benefits, and Application of the Fruit of Siraitia grosvenorii. Foods. 2024;13(14):2278. Published 2024 Jul 19. doi:10.3390/foods13142278
4. Wu J, Jian Y, Wang H, et al. A Review of the Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of the Fruit of Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle): A Traditional Chinese Medicinal Food. Molecules. 2022;27(19):6618. Published 2022 Oct 5. doi:10.3390/molecules27196618